The term "occlusal" pertains to the chewing surfaces of your teeth. If you are damaging these surfaces by clenching or grinding your teeth, your dentist may recommend an occlusal guard.
Also known as a nightguard, bite guard, or bite splint, an occlusal guard is a removable device that fits over your upper or lower teeth. It helps prevent damage caused by grinding and clenching, known as bruxism. While occlusal guards do not stop grinding or clenching, they protect the tooth surfaces from damage. They can also help relieve symptoms of bruxism, such as jaw pain, head and neck muscle pain, tooth wear, sensitivity, and headaches.
Occlusal guards resemble sports mouthguards but are less bulky and made of thinner, smoother plastic. They can be custom-made by your dentist, bought at a drugstore, or purchased online.
**Do You Need an Occlusal Guard or Nightguard?**
If you grind or clench your teeth occasionally, it may not be a major concern. However, chronic bruxism can cause pain, broken teeth, loss of enamel, and even tooth loss. Those with moderate to severe bruxism can benefit from an occlusal guard.
Bruxism is quite common, affecting about 10% of adults and up to 15% of children. It typically occurs at night but can also be a daytime habit. Most people are unaware of their bruxism unless a sleep partner complains about the noise, or a dentist notices the damage.
Signs that you might need an occlusal guard include:
- Teeth clenching and grinding
- Jaw pain or stiffness
- Fractured or worn-down teeth and restorations
- Loose teeth
- Sensitivity to temperature
- Morning headaches, earaches, or toothaches
- Facial pain
- Disrupted sleep
- Noise complaints from a sleep partner
**Types of Occlusal Nightguards**
There are three common types of occlusal guards for bruxism. Consult your dentist to determine which type is best for you:
1. **Soft Nightguard**: Used for mild bruxism. They are comfortable and easy to wear.
2. **Dual Laminate Nightguards**: Suitable for moderate to severe grinders. They have a soft inner surface and a hard outer surface.
3. **Hard Nightguards**: For very severe bruxism. Made from durable acrylic and custom-fitted by a dentist.
**Other Things to Know About Occlusal Guards**
Your occlusal guard should feel comfortable. If it doesn’t, it may need adjusting. Most occlusal guards are worn at night, but daytime grinders may benefit from wearing one during the day. Custom daytime guards can be made to be less visible.
Cleaning your occlusal guard before and after each use is crucial to prevent bacterial buildup, which can cause oral health problems or spread diseases.
**Final Thoughts**
Occlusal guards won’t stop clenching or grinding but can effectively protect your teeth. The type you choose depends on the severity of your condition, comfort, and budget. Consult your dentist for an evaluation to determine if you need an occlusal guard and explore your treatment options.
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